Improvement in differential-pressure regulators



S. A. HAND. Differential Pressure Regulator.

No. 201,243. Patented March 12,1828.

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v NVENTOR @Y am /wa c y 0l@ j l y N. PETERS, PHOTOJTHOGRAPMER,WASHINGTON, D C.

ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIGE.

SAMUEL A. HAND, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT `IN` DIFFERENTIAL-PRESSURE REGULATORS. f

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 201,243, dated March12, 1878; application iiled .January 30, 1878.

To all 'whom it may concern: I d' Be it known thatLSAMIn-:L ASHTON HAND,of the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dierential-Pressure Regulators, of which the following is a specification:

The objectbf my invention is to provide simple and eflicient means foraffording a supply of steam or other fluid at a pressure lower than thatwhich is exerted in the generator or source of supply, in order that thelatter maybe caused to furnish, where required, steam or other fluidhaving a speciiied pressure which is Vdifferent from that of the fluidin the source of supply without having a fixed ratio thereto, and isnot, therefore, subject to variation by changes of initial pressure.

To this end my improvements consist in the combination of a cylindricalregulating-chamber, two balance-pistons secured upon a stem and havingthe capacity of longitudinal movement therein, a supply and a deliverypipe communicating with the regulating-chamber between the inner facesof the balance-pistons, a weighted lever or spring by which pressure' isapplied in one direction to the balance-pistons, and a pipe orchannel-way by which the pressure of the fluid in the delivery-pipe isapplied to the outer face of one of the balancepistons in oppositedirection to the pressure of the Weighted lever, as hereinafter morefully set forth.

In various manufacturing processes steam of comparatively low pressureis required for certain operations and uses, and, as a general rule, thenormal duty of the generators elnployed is such as to necessitate themaintenance of considerably higher pressure therein. Instances are metwith in paper-mills, dyehouses, bleacheries, Ste., and most frequentlyin the heating of buildings or vessels by steam and to avoid the use ofa special boiler or boilers to furnish steam of the lower pressure orpressures required, a proper regulating device 1s necessar Myimprovements furnish, in a simple and compact form, an apparatus whichcan be manufactured and sold at-a reasonable price, and which isaccurate and reliable in its operation, without liability to derangementoff-.its parts. r

. In the accompanying. drawings, Figure lis a ,verticaly centralvsection of a .pressure-regulatorembodying my improvements, and Fig.2 atransverse section ofthesame at the lineyy of Fig. 1.

To carry out -my invention, I provide a cylindrical regulating-chamber,A, having side nozzles a and al, for the attachment, respectively, ofthe supplypipe B, through which steam from the generator is admitted tothe regulator, and the delivery-pipe C, through which it is led to theapparatus in which it is to be used. A nozzle, a2, is formed upon thelower closed end of the chamber, for the attachment of a back-pressurepipe, presently to be described, and the upper end of the chamber isclosed by a cap, A'. The chamberA is bored out truly, and twobalance-pistons, D1 D2, secured upon a central stem, D, are fittedneatly therein. The stem D passes freely through the cap A' of thechamber, and a lel ver, E, pivoted at one end to a lug, a3, on thecap,and carrying a weight, E', which may be adjusted to dilfrent pointsupon it, bears on the upper end of the stem. An opening, a4, is formedin the cap, to admit of the escape of air, or of any steam that may, byleakage, pass by the upper piston Dl. An annular recess or belt may beformed around the chamber A, communicating with the opening of thedelivery-nozzle al, for the purpose of increasing the available area ofdischarge relatively to the movement of the lower piston D2 inuncovering said opening; and the piston D2, when at the lower extremityof its traverse, should rest upon a shoulder or on projections on theinterior of the chamber, as shown, instead of directly on the bottomthereof, so as to have nearly the full area of its outer face exposed tothe pressure of the steam in a back-pressure or counterbalance pipe, C',by which the lower nozzle of the chamberA and the delivery-pipe C aremade to communicate. The counterbalance-pipe may, if preferred, be apassage or channel-way formed upon the chamber A, in-

stead of being, as shown, attached thereto; and it will be obvious thatthe pressure of a direct-acting weight or of a spring may be substitutedfor the weighted lever without variation of principle. j

In the operation of the regulator, the Weight E being adjusted in suchposition upon the lever E as that the downwardly-acting pressure uponthe balance-pistons D1 D2 shall be equal per square inch to that whichit is desired to maintain in the delivery-pipe C and the apparatus towhich it is connected, the steam from the generator, which is admittedbetween the pistons through the supply-pipe B, will pass into thedelivery-pipe C, and, acting through the counterbalance-pipe C upwardlyupon the outer face of the lower piston D2, will exert a pressure in thedelivery-pipe in equilibrium with the required delivery-pressureregulated by the weight E'. Any increase or decrease of initial pressurewill elevate or depress the balance-pistons, so as respectively todecrease or increase the area of opening through the delivery-nozzle incorresponding I ratio, and the required degree of deliverypistons inreverse direction to that exerted by the fluid in the connecting pipe orchannel,

constructed and arranged as shown, and for the purpose set forth.

S. ASHTON HAND.

Witnesses:

J. SNOWDEN BELL, GEO. A. VAiLLANT.

